SherbyNet - /page/wikibook/entry.mu

Micron Document

<!DOCTYPE html>

<title>Early voting</title>

</head>

Early voting

</h1>

</header>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the voting process. For the American Thoroughbred racehorse, see <a href="Early_Voting" title="Early Voting">Early Voting</a>.</div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1288136931">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pol{color:var(--color-base,#000)}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pol .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{border-top:thin solid var(--border-color-base,#fafafa);background:var(--background-color-interactive,#efefef);padding:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pol .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pol .sidebar-list-title{border-top:thin solid var(--border-color-base,#fafafa);background:var(--background-color-interactive,#efefef)}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pol .sidebar-below{background:var(--background-color-interactive,#efefef)}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks sidebar-pol"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of the Politics series</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="Voting" title="Voting">Voting</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="border-top:#ddd 1px solid;text-align:center;">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Balloting</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading">

<a href="Ballot" title="Ballot">Ballots</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<ul><li><a href="Absentee_ballot" title="Absentee ballot">Absentee ballot</a></li>

<li><a href="Provisional_ballot" title="Provisional ballot">Provisional ballot</a></li>

<li><a href="Sample_ballot" title="Sample ballot">Sample ballot</a></li></ul></td>

</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading">

<a href="Candidate" title="Candidate">Candidates</a> and <a href="Referendum" title="Referendum">Ballot measures</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<ul><li><a href="Write-in_candidate" title="Write-in candidate">Write-in candidate</a></li>

<li><a href="Electoral_district" title="Electoral district">Electorate</a></li>

<li><a href="Slate_(elections)" title="Slate (elections)">Slate</a></li>

<li><a href="Ticket_(election)" title="Ticket (election)">Ticket</a></li></ul></td>

</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading">

Collection</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<ul><li><a href="Ballot_box" title="Ballot box">Ballot box</a></li>

<li><a href="Compulsory_voting" title="Compulsory voting">Compulsory voting</a></li>

<li><a href="Electronic_voting" title="Electronic voting">Electronic voting</a></li>

<li><a href="Open_ballot_system" title="Open ballot system">Open ballot</a></li>

<li><a href="Polling_place" class="mw-redirect" title="Polling place">Polling place</a></li>

<li><a href="Postal_voting" title="Postal voting">Postal voting</a></li>

<li><a href="Electoral_precinct" title="Electoral precinct">Precinct</a></li>

<li><a href="Vote_center" title="Vote center">Vote center</a></li>

<li><a href="Voting_booth" class="mw-redirect" title="Voting booth">Voting booth</a></li></ul></td>

</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading">

<a href="Vote_counting" title="Vote counting">Counting</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<ul><li><a href="Popular_vote_(representative_democracy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Popular vote (representative democracy)">Popular vote</a></li>

<li><a href="Tally_(voting)" title="Tally (voting)">Tally</a></li>

<li><a href="Voting_machine" title="Voting machine">Voting machine</a></li></ul></td>

</tr></tbody></table></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="border-top:#ddd 1px solid;text-align:center;">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="Electoral_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral systems">Electoral systems</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading">

<a href="Plurality_voting" title="Plurality voting">Plurality and majoritarian systems</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<ul><li><a href="First-past-the-post_voting" title="First-past-the-post voting">First-past-the-post voting</a></li>

<li><a href="Two-round_system" title="Two-round system">Two-round system</a></li>

<li><a href="Instant-runoff_voting" title="Instant-runoff voting">Instant-runoff voting</a></li>

<li><a href="Plurality-at-large_voting" class="mw-redirect" title="Plurality-at-large voting">Plurality-at-large voting</a></li>

<li><a href="General_ticket" title="General ticket">General ticket</a></li>

<li><a href="Usual_judgment" class="mw-redirect" title="Usual judgment">Usual judgment</a></li></ul></td>

</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading">

<a href="Proportional_representation" title="Proportional representation">Proportional and semi-proportional systems</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<ul><li><a href="Single_non-transferable_vote" title="Single non-transferable vote">Single non-transferable vote</a></li>

<li><a href="Cumulative_voting" title="Cumulative voting">Cumulative voting</a></li>

<li><a href="Binomial_voting_system" title="Binomial voting system">Binomial system</a></li>

<li><a href="Party-list_proportional_representation" title="Party-list proportional representation">Party-list</a></li>

<li><a href="Single_transferable_voting" class="mw-redirect" title="Single transferable voting">Single transferable voting</a></li>

<li><a href="Spare_vote" title="Spare vote">Spare vote</a></li></ul></td>

</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading">

<a href="Mixed_electoral_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Mixed electoral systems">Mixed-member systems</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<ul><li><a href="Mixed-member_proportional_representation" title="Mixed-member proportional representation">Mixed-member proportional</a></li>

<li><a href="Additional_member_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Additional member system">Additional member system</a></li>

<li><a href="Mixed_single_vote" title="Mixed single vote">Mixed single vote (positive vote transfer)</a></li>

<li><a href="Scorporo" title="Scorporo">Scorporo (negative vote transfer)</a></li>

<li><a href="Mixed_ballot_transferable_vote" title="Mixed ballot transferable vote">Mixed ballot transferable vote</a></li>

<li><a href="Alternative_Vote_Plus" class="mw-redirect" title="Alternative Vote Plus">Alternative Vote Plus</a></li>

<li><a href="Dual-member_proportional_representation" class="mw-redirect" title="Dual-member proportional representation">Dual-member proportional</a></li>

<li><a href="Rural%E2%80%93urban_proportional_representation" title="Rural–urban proportional representation">Rural–urban proportional</a></li>

<li><a href="Majority_bonus_system" title="Majority bonus system">Majority bonus system</a></li>

<li><a href="Parallel_voting" title="Parallel voting">Parallel voting (Mixed member majoritarian)</a></li></ul></td>

</tr></tbody></table></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="border-top:#ddd 1px solid;text-align:center;">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Voting strategies</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<ul><li><a href="Issue_voting" title="Issue voting">Issue voting</a></li>

<li><a href="Electoral_fusion" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral fusion">Fusion voting</a></li>

<li><a href="Public_opinion" title="Public opinion">Public opinion</a></li>

<li><a href="Split-ticket_voting" title="Split-ticket voting">Split-ticket voting</a></li>

<li><a href="Straight-ticket_voting" title="Straight-ticket voting">Straight-ticket voting</a></li>

<li><a href="Tactical_voting" class="mw-redirect" title="Tactical voting">Tactical voting</a></li>

<li><a href="Vote_pairing" title="Vote pairing">Vote pairing</a></li></ul></td>

</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading">

<a href="Protest_vote" title="Protest vote">Protest votes</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<ul><li><a href="Abstention" title="Abstention">Abstention</a></li>

<li><a href="Donkey_vote" title="Donkey vote">Donkey vote</a></li>

<li><a href="Election_boycott" title="Election boycott">Election boycott</a></li>

<li><a href="None_of_the_above" title="None of the above">None of the above</a></li>

<li><a href="Refused_ballot" title="Refused ballot">Refused ballot</a></li>

<li><a href="Spoilt_vote" title="Spoilt vote">Spoilt vote</a></li></ul></td>

</tr></tbody></table></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="border-top:#ddd 1px solid;text-align:center;">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Voting patterns and effects</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<ul><li><a href="Coattail_effect" title="Coattail effect">Coattail effect</a></li>

<li><a href="Voting_advice_application" title="Voting advice application">Voting advice application</a></li>

<li><a href="Voter_segments_in_political_polling" title="Voter segments in political polling">Likely voter</a></li>

<li><a href="Paradox_of_voting" title="Paradox of voting">Paradox of voting</a></li>

<li><a href="Passive_electioneering" title="Passive electioneering">Passive electioneering</a></li>

<li><a href="Vote_splitting" class="mw-redirect" title="Vote splitting">Vote splitting</a></li>

<li><a href="Political_apathy" title="Political apathy">Political apathy</a></li>

<li><a href="Voter_fatigue" title="Voter fatigue">Voter fatigue</a></li>

<li><a href="Voter_turnout" title="Voter turnout">Voter turnout</a></li></ul></td>

</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading">

<a href="Protest_vote" title="Protest vote">Protest votes</a></th></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="border-top:#ddd 1px solid;text-align:center;">

<div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="Electoral_fraud" title="Electoral fraud">Electoral fraud</a> and prevention</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base, #202122 ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<ul><li><a href="Ballot_harvesting" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballot harvesting">Ballot harvesting</a></li>

<li><a href="Ballot_stuffing" class="mw-redirect" title="Ballot stuffing">Ballot stuffing</a></li>

<li><a href="Voter_intimidation" class="mw-redirect" title="Voter intimidation">Voter intimidation</a></li>

<li><a href="Vote_buying" title="Vote buying">Vote buying</a></li>

<li><a href="Voter_suppression" title="Voter suppression">Voter suppression</a></li>

<li><a href="Voter_caging" title="Voter caging">Voter caging</a></li></ul></td>

</tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading">

Prevention</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content">

<ul><li><a href="Election_ink" title="Election ink">Election ink</a></li>

<li><a href="Secret_ballot" title="Secret ballot">Secret ballot</a></li>

<li><a href="Voter_identification_laws" title="Voter identification laws">Voter identification laws</a></li>

<li><a href="Voter_registration" title="Voter registration">Voter registration</a></li>

<li><a href="End-to-end_verifiable_voting" class="mw-redirect" title="End-to-end verifiable voting">End-to-end verifiable voting</a></li></ul></td>

</tr></tbody></table></div></div></td>

</tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below">

<a href="Portal%3APolitics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style></td></tr></tbody></table>

Early voting, also called advance polling or pre-poll voting, is a <a href="Convenience_voting" title="Convenience voting">convenience voting</a> process by which voters in a public election can vote before a scheduled <a href="Election_Day_(politics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Election Day (politics)">election day</a>. Early voting can take place remotely, such as via <a href="Postal_voting" title="Postal voting">postal voting</a>, or in person, usually in designated early voting <a href="Polling_station" title="Polling station">polling stations</a>. The availability and time periods for early voting vary among jurisdictions and types of election. The goals of early voting are usually to increase voter participation, relieve congestion at polling stations on election day, and avoid possible discrimination against people with work and travel schedules that may effectively prohibit them from getting to the polls during the hours provided in a single election day.

In some countries, early in-person voting or postal voting (or both) are available to all voters. In other countries, only some voters (such as those who are expected to be out of the country or hospitalized on election day) are eligible to cast ballots via these methods.<a href="#cite_note-Heinmaa-1">[1]</a>

In addition to convenience and increased participation, early voting has proven advantageous for the smooth functioning of elections. When most voters cast their ballot on a single day, any problem can have a more damaging effect. More options to vote before Election Day provides more opportunities to identify and counteract problems including machine breakdown, cyberattack, human errors, or disinformation. When voting is spread out over several days, election officials can detect issues earlier, mitigate challenges more easily, counter false claims, and offer a greater number of options to any voters who may be impacted.<a href="#cite_note-:0-2">[2]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Australia_and_New_Zealand">Australia and New Zealand</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australia">Australia</h3></div>

In Australia, where voting is compulsory,<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> early voting is usually known as "pre-poll voting". Voters are able to cast a pre-poll vote for a number of reasons, including being away from the electorate, travelling, impending maternity, being unable to leave one's workplace, having religious beliefs that prevent attendance at a polling place, or being more than 8 km from a polling place.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> There were over 600 early voting centres available in 2016.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a>

At the <a href="2019_Australian_federal_election" title="2019 Australian federal election">2019 Australian federal election</a>, 6.1 million votes were cast early (including postal votes), equating to 40.7 percent of total votes cast. This represented an increase from 26.4 percent at the <a href="2013_Australian_federal_election" title="2013 Australian federal election">2013 election</a> and 13.7 percent at the <a href="2007_Australian_federal_election" title="2007 Australian federal election">2007 election</a>. Following the 2019 elections, members of the parliamentary standing committee on electoral matters expressed concern about the length of the pre-poll voting period, suggesting that it was imposing costs on both the <a href="Australian_Electoral_Commission" title="Australian Electoral Commission">Australian Electoral Commission</a> (AEC) and political parties, and that electors voting too early may be unable to respond to developments in the final weeks of the election campaign.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a>

Hospitals and remote areas are served by Travelling Voting Booths.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="New_Zealand">New Zealand</h3></div>

Early voting, or advance voting, has been possible in New Zealand without a reason since 2008. Advance voting opens 12 days before the election day, with around 500 polling booths set up across the country.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> Voters attending an appropriate advance polling booth for their <a href="Electoral_district" title="Electoral district">electorate</a> (constituency) can cast an ordinary vote in the same way they would if voting on election day. If the voter is outside the electorate, enrolled after the cutoff date (31 days before election day), or is on the unpublished roll, they must cast a <a href="Special_vote" title="Special vote">special vote</a>.

In the <a href="2011_New_Zealand_general_election" title="2011 New Zealand general election">2011 election</a>, 334,600 advance votes were cast, representing 14.7% of all votes cast.<a href="#cite_note-NZherald-8">[8]</a> This grew to 48% in the <a href="2017_New_Zealand_general_election" title="2017 New Zealand general election">2017 election</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> and to 66.7% in the <a href="2020_New_Zealand_general_election" title="2020 New Zealand general election">2020 election</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Europe">Europe</h2></div>

A 2020 report by the <a href="International_Institute_for_Democracy_and_Electoral_Assistance" title="International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance">International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance</a> (IDEA) surveyed the use of voting arrangements in Europe, reporting on the prevalence of in-country postal voting, early voting, mobile voting, and proxy voting in various European countries.<a href="#cite_note-Heinmaa-1">[1]</a>

The IDEA report defined early voting, for purposes of the IDEA dataset was defined as "in-person opportunities for submitting one's vote at a polling station before election day", excluding "other early methods that are not in-person (such as postal or e-voting) or that do not take place in a polling station (such as mobile voting)".<a href="#cite_note-Heinmaa-1">[1]</a> Applying this definition, <a href="Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>, <a href="Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>, Sweden, <a href="Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a>, <a href="Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>, <a href="Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a>, and <a href="Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a> offer early voting to all voters.<a href="#cite_note-Heinmaa-1">[1]</a> <a href="Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a>, <a href="Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>, <a href="Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a>, <a href="Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a>, <a href="Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a>, and <a href="Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> offer early voting to some voters.<a href="#cite_note-Heinmaa-1">[1]</a>

The IDEA report defined in-country postal voting, for purposes of its dataset, as "those measures that allow a voter to submit their ballot by physical post to the election administration" and noted that "While postal voting is in principle early voting, it differs in that the vote can be physically submitted remotely by the voter themselves."<a href="#cite_note-Heinmaa-1">[1]</a> Iceland, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, Germany, <a href="Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>, <a href="Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a>, and <a href="Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a> offer in-country postal voting to all voters.<a href="#cite_note-Heinmaa-1">[1]</a> The <a href="Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Republic of Ireland</a>, Spain, the <a href="Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, <a href="Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>, Slovenia, and Lithuania offer in-country postal voting to some voters.<a href="#cite_note-Heinmaa-1">[1]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Finland">Finland</h3></div>

In Finland, eligible voters may cast ballots either on election day or by advance voting.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> Advancing voting begins on a Wednesday, eleven days before election day.<a href="#cite_note-VotingAdvance-12">[12]</a> The advance-voting period ends eight days before election day (for votes cast abroad at designated Finnish embassies) and five days before election day (for votes cast within Finland). Any qualified voter may cast a ballot at a "general advance polling station" (a Finland municipal office or certain post offices and Finnish embassies abroad).<a href="#cite_note-VotingAdvance-12">[12]</a> "Special advance polling stations" are set up at hospitals for patients and prisons for detainees. Additionally, Finnish voters who are unable to travel to advance polling stations due to mobility impairments or illness may cast advance ballots at home (election commissioners make house calls to receive votes from such person). Crews of traveling Finnish ships may also cast ballots via advance voting, beginning 18 days before election day.<a href="#cite_note-VotingAdvance-12">[12]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Germany">Germany</h3></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="Elections_in_Germany" title="Elections in Germany">Elections in Germany</a> and <a href="Federal_Returning_Officer" title="Federal Returning Officer">Federal Returning Officer</a></div>

Germany does not have in-person early voting, but allows all eligible voters to vote by mail.<a href="#cite_note-Heinmaa-1">[1]</a> Voting by mail was adopted in <a href="West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a> beginning in 1957, but was originally a method mostly used for those with a particular reason preventing them from casting an in-person ballot.<a href="#cite_note-Schultheis-13">[13]</a> The proportion of German voters casting postal ballots has steadily increased since the 1990 <a href="Reunification_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Reunification of Germany">reunification of Germany</a>, and the excuse requirement was eliminated in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-Schultheis-13">[13]</a> In the <a href="2005_German_federal_election" title="2005 German federal election">2005 German federal election</a>, 19% of all voters voted early.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> In the <a href="2017_German_federal_election" title="2017 German federal election">2017 German federal election</a>, a then-record 28.6% of voters cast ballots by mail.<a href="#cite_note-Schultheis-13">[13]</a> In the <a href="2021_German_federal_election" title="2021 German federal election">2021 German federal election</a>, 47.3% of voters cast ballots by mail, setting a new record.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ireland">Ireland</h3></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="Elections_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Elections in the Republic of Ireland">Elections in the Republic of Ireland</a></div>

In the <a href="Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Republic of Ireland</a>, it is traditional for voters on the remote coastal islands to vote on the day prior to the official date of the election.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> This aims to avoid the possibility that bad weather might impede the delivery of ballot boxes to the count center on the mainland. However, the practice is not universally popular.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Norway">Norway</h3></div>

In <a href="Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> early voting is known as "forhåndsstemming". By law, election day is set to a Monday in September in the year of the end of the current term. Early voting is usually opened 1 month before election day, and closes the Friday before. Up to and including the Friday, everyone can vote anywhere in the country. On election day, voting has to occur within the municipality the voter is a resident of by the end of June.

At the general election of 2009, 707,489 Norwegians voted in advance, 200 000 more than the previous record, in 2001.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a>

The share that do early voting has steadily increased and in the national elections in 2021, 57.9% of votes cast were early votes.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> With 1.7 million early voters.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sweden">Sweden</h3></div>

Sweden has traditionally had a high participation in elections and tries to make it as easy as possible to vote. No voter registration is needed, since everyone is generally <a href="Population_registration_in_Sweden" title="Population registration in Sweden">registered with a home address</a>, nor is there any requirement to tell the authorities that you intend to vote early. Normally, a voter is expected to vote on the election day at the specified voting station, but everyone can vote during the last week at any early voting station in the country, nowadays usually in municipality-owned places like libraries or schools. Although mainly intended for early voting, one early voting station in each municipality must also be open on the election day (always a Sunday in Sweden), to enable distance voting on that day as well. In hospitals and homes for the elderly, there are special voting opportunities. Swedes living abroad must register their address and can vote at embassies or through mail.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a>

Early voting has been possible in Sweden since 1942, and the <a href="Posten_(Sweden)" class="mw-redirect" title="Posten (Sweden)">post offices</a> were used for this until the <a href="1994_Swedish_general_election" title="1994 Swedish general election">1994 Swedish general election</a>. But that year the Swedish postal service was changed from being a government agency to a state-owned limited company that wasn't directly government controlled, so the responsibility for providing early voting fell on the local municipalities, who have always been responsible for the regular voting stations.

The early votes are sent to the voter's regular local voting station in double envelopes, with the voter's name and <a href="Personal_identity_number_(Sweden)" title="Personal identity number (Sweden)">personal identity number</a> on the outer envelope. After the local voting station has closed on election day, officials first check if any of the voters in the stack of early voter envelopes are in the list of voters who have voted at the voting station that day. If that is the case, the early vote is destroyed, with the inner envelope unopened. Otherwise, the inner envelopes are added to a ballot box for counting.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> Early votes that do not reach the voting station in time are shipped to the <a href="County_Administrative_Boards_of_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="County Administrative Boards of Sweden">County Administrative Board</a> and counted if the voter has not already voted.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Switzerland">Switzerland</h3></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Voting_in_Switzerland" title="Voting in Switzerland">Voting in Switzerland</a></div>

Swiss federal law allows <a href="Postal_voting" title="Postal voting">postal voting</a> in all federal elections and referendums,<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> and all <a href="Swiss_cantons" class="mw-redirect" title="Swiss cantons">cantons</a> allow it for cantonal ballot issues. All voters receive their personal ballot by mail a few weeks before the election or referendum. They may cast it at a polling station on election day or mail it back at any prior time.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Asia_and_elsewhere">Asia and elsewhere</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Russia">Russia</h3></div>

In Russia, early voting, according to the decision of the election commission, can be organized in special poll stations formed in remote and hard-to-reach areas, on ships that will be sailing on election day and at polar stations. At the same time, early voting can be held no earlier than twenty days before the election day.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a>

In 2020, against the backdrop of the <a href="COVID-19_pandemic_in_Russia" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Russia">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, a law was passed allowing early voting at all polling stations. For the first time, this system was used in the <a href="2020_Russian_constitutional_referendum" title="2020 Russian constitutional referendum">referendum on amendments to the constitution</a>, which was held on 1 July 2020, but citizens had the opportunity to vote within a week before the main day. This was done for sanitary purposes, to reduce the number of people present at the same time at the polling stations. Later, the period of early voting was reduced to two days before the election day. Such a three-day voting was used for regional elections in September 2020. However, such a decision is not mandatory and can be made by the election commission within ten days after the election is scheduled. If the election Commission has not made such a decision, voting takes place only within one day.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Thailand">Thailand</h3></div>

In <a href="Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>, early voting is known as เลือกตั้งล่วงหน้า (/lɯ̂ːak tâŋ lûːaŋ nâː/ advance voting). The <a href="Election_Commission_(Thailand)" class="mw-redirect" title="Election Commission (Thailand)">Election Commission</a> administers advancing voting. Early voting in the <a href="2011_Thai_general_election" title="2011 Thai general election">2011 Thai general election</a> was arranged on a Sunday (June 26, 2011) while prior elections were arranged on both Saturday and Sunday. Around 2.6 million people, including 1.07 million in <a href="Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a> turned up to vote, however, many potential voters were unable to vote because of large crowds.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="North_America">North America</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canada">Canada</h3></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Elections_in_Canada" title="Elections in Canada">Elections in Canada</a></div>

In Canada, elections are administered by <a href="Elections_Canada" title="Elections Canada">Elections Canada</a>. Early in-person voting is called advance polls, which are held on the 10th, 9th, 8th and 7th days before election day at designated advance-poll stations. Canadian voters may locate the date, hours, and address of their advance-poll station at the Elections Canada website, on their voter information card, or by telephoning Elections Canada.<a href="#cite_note-ElectionsCanada-27">[27]</a> About 4.9 million Canadians cast advance votes in the <a href="2019_Canadian_federal_election" title="2019 Canadian federal election">2019 election</a>, and almost 5.8 million Canadians cast ballots during the four advance-poll dates of the <a href="2021_Canadian_federal_election" title="2021 Canadian federal election">2021 election</a>, setting a record.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a>

Canadians may also vote, upon application, at Elections Canada local offices (established during election seasons in every <a href="Electoral_district_(Canada)" title="Electoral district (Canada)">riding in Canada</a>), or by mail. Ballots cast via these methods are termed "special ballots."<a href="#cite_note-ElectionsCanada-27">[27]</a> Historically, voting by mail has been fairly rare in Canada; of the 18.4 million total votes in the 2019 Canadian election, slightly under 50,000 voters cast ballots by mail, with most of these ballots coming from <a href="Canadian_diaspora" title="Canadian diaspora">Canadians living abroad</a>.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> Voting by mail in Canada increased during the 2021 election, with more than 1.1 million special ballots received (including from <a href="Canadian_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Forces">Canadian Forces</a> servicemembers, Canadians living abroad, Canadians away from home on election day, and incarcerated Canadians); of this total, about 99,988 special ballots were not counted because they arrived after the receipt deadline (6 p.m. on election day), did not have a voter signature, or had some other problem.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States">United States</h3></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="Elections_in_the_United_States" title="Elections in the United States">Elections in the United States</a></div>

The period since 2000 has seen a significant expansion in the number of U.S. states offering options to vote before Election Day, the percentage of the total population with those options, and the portion choosing to exercise those options. In the <a href="2000_United_States_presidential_election" title="2000 United States presidential election">2000 general election</a>, 40% of all voting-age citizens lived in states with at least one early-voting option. A July 2024 study by the Center for Election Innovation & Research found that nearly 97% of all voting-age citizens lived in states offering at least one option to vote in <a href="2024_United_States_presidential_election" title="2024 United States presidential election">the 2024 election</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:0-2">[2]</a>

In the 2000 election, 14% of ballots were cast before Election Day. For 16 years the percentage increased steadily—21% in 2004, 31% in 2008, 33% in 2012, and 40% in 2016—before jumping to 69% in 2020 during the <a href="COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>, then returning to the long-term trend with 50% in the 2022 midterm elections.<a href="#cite_note-:0-2">[2]</a>

As of 2024, 47 states, the <a href="District_of_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="District of Columbia">District of Columbia</a>, <a href="American_Samoa" title="American Samoa">American Samoa</a>, <a href="Guam" title="Guam">Guam</a>, <a href="Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a>, and the <a href="U.S._Virgin_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Virgin Islands">U.S. Virgin Islands</a> offer in-person voting before <a href="Election_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Election Day">Election Day</a>.<a href="#cite_note-EarlyIPVoting-31">[31]</a> Of the 47 states that allow early in-person voting, eight have all-mail voting. In these states, each eligible, registered voter is sent a ballot, which can either be returned by mail, or dropped off at designated site during the early voting period.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a>

The duration, start date, and end date of the early in-person voting period varies from state to state, from a low of five days to a high of 50 days; the average number of days of early in-person voting is 23.<a href="#cite_note-EarlyIPVoting-31">[31]</a> Some states give discretion to local election officials (sometimes <a href="County_clerk" class="mw-redirect" title="County clerk">county clerks</a>) to add certain days of early voting.<a href="#cite_note-EarlyIPVoting-31">[31]</a>

Of states that permit early in-person voting (excluding the eight states that have "all-mail" elections), 23 states and D.C. allow some weekend early voting (on Saturdays, Sundays, or both).<a href="#cite_note-EarlyIPVoting-31">[31]</a>

The <a href="National_Conference_of_State_Legislatures" title="National Conference of State Legislatures">National Conference of State Legislatures</a> provides up-to-date information on each state's laws with links to relevant election statutes.<a href="#cite_note-EarlyIPVoting-31">[31]</a>

As of 2024, only three states do not currently offer in-person early voting: <a href="Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a>, <a href="Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a>, and <a href="New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-EarlyIPVoting-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a>

In addition to (or in lieu of) in-person early voting, all states offer <a href="Absentee_ballot" title="Absentee ballot">absentee ballots</a> (also called mail-in ballots) to some or all voters, with significant differences among states. As of 2024, 36 states and D.C. offer either "no-excuse absentee voting" (in which any qualified voter may cast an absentee ballot without an excuse) or conduct all elections by mail; in the remaining states, an absentee ballot will only be provided to a voter with a valid excuse.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> Absentee ballots are often returned to election offices by mail (see <a href="Postal_voting_in_the_United_States" title="Postal voting in the United States">postal voting in the United States</a>)<a href="#cite_note-NCSLVotingatHome-35">[35]</a> but some states offer "in-person absentee voting" (in which the voter requests, completes, signs, and submits the absentee ballot at a polling place). The voting experience for in-person absentee balloting is similar to the early-voting experience.<a href="#cite_note-EarlyIPVoting-31">[31]</a>

<th colspan="4">Percent of votes cast by in-person early voting or absentee/mail-in voting in U.S. presidential elections

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th>Year

</th>

<th>Early votes

</th>

<th>Source

</th>

<th>Remarks

</th></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>64.04%

</td>

</td>

<td><a href="COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td>

</td></tr></tbody></table>

States adopted early voting at different times. For example, Florida officially began early voting in 2004,<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> and voters in <a href="Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> approved a constitutional amendment in November 2008 to allow early voting, starting with the primary elections in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> Early voting was first used in <a href="Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a> for the <a href="2016_Massachusetts_general_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2016 Massachusetts general election">general election of November 2016</a>.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> New York began early voting in 2019, as a result of a state law requiring eight days of early voting throughout the state.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a>

In 2022, Connecticut was one of just four remaining states without early in-person voting. In November 2022, Connecticut voters approved a constitutional amendment authorizing the state legislature to enact early in-person voting. In May 2023, the Connecticut House and Senate passed H.B. 5004, which was signed into law by Governor <a href="Ned_Lamont" title="Ned Lamont">Ned Lamont</a> on June 7, 2023.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a>

The <a href="COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">COVID-19 pandemic in the United States</a> led many states both to reduce the number of polling stations for the <a href="2020_United_States_elections" title="2020 United States elections">2020 United States elections</a> and to relax requirements for both mail-in and early voting, including mailing applications to all active registered voters and providing drop-boxes for ballots.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> In the November 2020 elections, about 26% of votes nationwide were cast by early in-person voting, as compared to 46% of votes cast by mail/absentee ballot and 28% of votes cast in Election Day in-person voting.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a>

After the <a href="Attempts_to_overturn_the_2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election">attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election</a>, following false claims of widespread voter fraud in the election by <a href="Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>, Republican lawmakers initiated a push to restrict early voting (see <a href="Republican_efforts_to_restrict_voting_following_the_2020_presidential_election" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican efforts to restrict voting following the 2020 presidential election">Republican efforts to restrict voting following the 2020 presidential election</a>).<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a>

In 2020, <a href="MTV" title="MTV">MTV</a> founded the campaign for "<a href="Vote_Early_Day" title="Vote Early Day">Vote Early Day</a>" as a civic holiday to celebrate the concept of early voting, directed primarily at young people.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> The MTV program partnered with businesses and nonprofits, and its advantage being that it isn’t ‘owned’ by any one entity.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;">

<li id="cite_note-Heinmaa-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Heinmaa_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heinmaa_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heinmaa_1-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heinmaa_1-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heinmaa_1-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heinmaa_1-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heinmaa_1-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heinmaa_1-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heinmaa_1-8">i</a> Thomas Heinmaa, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idea.int/news-media/news/special-voting-arrangements-svas-europe-country-postal-early-mobile-and-proxy">Special Voting Arrangements (SVAs) in Europe: In-Country Postal, Early, Mobile and Proxy Arrangements in Individual Countries</a>", <a href="International_Institute_for_Democracy_and_Electoral_Assistance" title="International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance">International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance</a> (October 19, 2020).

</li>

/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("./mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("./mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("./mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("./mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}

/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */

</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://electioninnovation.org/research/expansion-voting-before-election-day/">"The Expansion of Voting Before Election Day, 2000–2024"</a>. The Center for Election Innovation & Research. Retrieved September 6, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180921225146/https://www.aec.gov.au/Voting/Compulsory_Voting.htm">"Compulsory Voting"</a>. Australian Electoral Commission. Commonwealth Government. May 18, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aec.gov.au/Voting/Compulsory_Voting.htm">the original</a> on September 21, 2018. Retrieved November 5, 2018.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aec.gov.au/Voting/ways_to_vote/">"Voting"</a>. Australian Electoral Commission. Commonwealth Government. 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181105160542/https://www.aec.gov.au/Voting/ways_to_vote/">Archived</a> from the original on November 5, 2018. Retrieved November 5, 2018.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFMcMahon2019" class="citation news cs1">McMahon, Alle (April 30, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-04-15/federal-election-2019-pre-polling-and-early-voting/11002874">"Got plans on federal election day? Here's how you can cast your vote early"</a>. ABC News. Retrieved May 27, 2020.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFLewis2019" class="citation news cs1">Lewis, Rosie (June 7, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theaustralian.com.au/nation/politics/mps-scrutinise-early-votes-and-palmers-spree/news-story/7d4c2271b4186285978e7547b3bab17e">"MPs scrutinise early votes and Palmer's spree"</a>. The Australian. Retrieved May 27, 2020.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170923231924/http://www.elections.org.nz/news-media/advance-voting-starts-monday">"Advance voting starts on Monday"</a>. Electoral Commission. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elections.org.nz/news-media/advance-voting-starts-monday">the original</a> on September 23, 2017. Retrieved September 24, 2017.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-NZherald-8"><a href="#cite_ref-NZherald_8-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFCheng2014" class="citation news cs1">Cheng, Derek (September 3, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=11318064">"In early to make your vote count – from today"</a>. <a href="The_New_Zealand_Herald" title="The New Zealand Herald">The New Zealand Herald</a>. Retrieved September 18, 2014.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170923144813/http://www.elections.org.nz/events/2017-general-election/advance-voting-statistics">"Advance voting statistics"</a>. Electoral Commission. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elections.org.nz/events/2017-general-election/advance-voting-statistics">the original</a> on September 23, 2017. Retrieved September 24, 2017.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elections.nz/stats-and-research/2020-general-election-advance-voting-statistics/">"2020 General Election advance voting statistics"</a>. Elections. New Zealand. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005193121/https://elections.nz/stats-and-research/2020-general-election-advance-voting-statistics">Archived</a> from the original on October 5, 2020. Retrieved October 6, 2020.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vaalit.fi/en/voting">"Voting"</a>. Vaalit.fi. Finnish Ministry of Justice. Retrieved December 4, 2022.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-VotingAdvance-12">^ <a href="#cite_ref-VotingAdvance_12-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-VotingAdvance_12-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-VotingAdvance_12-2">c</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vaalit.fi/en/voting-in-advance">"Voting in Advance"</a>. Vaalit.fi. Finnish Ministry of Justice. Retrieved December 4, 2022.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Schultheis-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schultheis_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schultheis_13-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schultheis_13-2">c</a> Emily Schultheis, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/postal-voting-germany-election-campaign/">'Every day is election day.' Rise in postal voting shifts German campaign dynamics</a>, Politico.eu (August 18, 2021).

</li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/bundestagswahl2005/downloads/Heft_5.pdf">Der Bundeswahlleiter: Wahl zum 16. Deutschen Bundestag am 18. September 2005, Heft 5: Textliche Auswertung der Wahlergebnisse</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070225194921/http://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/bundestagswahl2005/downloads/Heft_5.pdf">Archived</a> February 25, 2007, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, page 38, table 15 (in German)

</li>

<li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> Jasmin Fitzpatrick & Paula Jöst, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpos.2022.876476/full">"The High Mass of Democracy" —Why Germany Remains Aloof to the Idea of Electronic Voting</a>, Frontiers in Political Science (2022).

</li>

<li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/island-voting-in-election-2016-commences-one-day-early-1.2548412">"Island voting in Election 2016 commences one day early"</a>. <a href="The_Irish_Times" title="The Irish Times">The Irish Times</a>. February 25, 2016. Retrieved November 3, 2016.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.independent.ie/irish-news/election-2016/down-with-this-sort-of-thing-say-islanders-forced-to-vote-day-early-34487614.html">"'Down with this sort of thing', say islanders forced to vote day early"</a>. <a href="Irish_Independent" title="Irish Independent">Irish Independent</a>. February 26, 2016. Retrieved November 3, 2016.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/krd/pressesenter/pressemeldinger/2009-2/-har-forhandsstemt.html?id=576794">"707 489 har forhåndsstemt"</a>. Regjeringen.no. September 11, 2009. Retrieved October 29, 2012.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://valgresultat.no/valg/2021/st">"Election results"</a>. Valgresultat.no. Retrieved December 31, 2023.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.val.se/in_english/general_information/voting/index.html">Valmyndigheten: Voting</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121023114808/http://www.val.se/in_english/general_information/voting/index.html">Archived</a> October 23, 2012, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121023113443/http://www.val.se/det_svenska_valsystemet/rostning/fortidsrosta/index.html">"Valmyndigheten: Förtidsrösta i Sverige"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.val.se/det_svenska_valsystemet/rostning/fortidsrosta/index.html">the original</a> on October 23, 2012. Retrieved November 9, 2012.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> Federal Statute on Political Rights , SR/RS 161.1 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.admin.ch/ch/e/rs/c161_1.html">E</a>·<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.admin.ch/ch/d/sr/c161_1.html">D</a>·<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.admin.ch/ch/f/rs/c161_1.html">F</a>·<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.admin.ch/ch/i/rs/c161_1.html">I</a>), art. 8 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.admin.ch/ch/e/rs/161_1/a8.html">E</a>·<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.admin.ch/ch/d/sr/161_1/a8.html">D</a>·<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.admin.ch/ch/f/rs/161_1/a8.html">F</a>·<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.admin.ch/ch/i/rs/161_1/a8.html">I</a>)

</li>

<li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_37119/2650e94724f5e32a0d91915597f6f2003b8649df/">"Статья 65. Досрочное голосование"</a>. КонсультантПлюс. <q>Федеральный закон от 12.06.2002 N 67-ФЗ (ред. от 31.07.2020) "Об основных гарантиях избирательных прав и права на участие в референдуме граждан Российской Федерации" (с изм. и доп., вступ. в силу с 14.09.2020)</q></cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://duma.gov.ru/news/49147/">"Трехдневное голосование: как будет работать новый закон"</a>. Государственная Дума.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rg.ru/2020/07/21/priniat-zakon-o-trehdnevnom-golosovanii-na-vyborah-i-referendumah.html">В удобный день. Принят закон о трехдневном голосовании на выборах</a>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110809193901/http://www.nationmultimedia.com/home/2011/06/27/national/Large-crowds-for-advance-voting-30158762.html">"Large crowds for advance voting"</a>. The Nation (Thailand). Bangkok. June 27, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationmultimedia.com/home/2011/06/27/national/Large-crowds-for-advance-voting-30158762.html">the original</a> on August 9, 2011.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-ElectionsCanada-27">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ElectionsCanada_27-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ElectionsCanada_27-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=vot&dir=vote&document=index&lang=e">Ways to vote</a>, Elections Canada (last accessed December 4, 2022).

</li>

<li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/mail-in-voting-deadline-1.6173854">Canadians set new record at advance polls, hundreds of thousands of votes expected to arrive by mail</a>, CBC News (September 15, 2021).

</li>

<li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> David Ljunggren, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/mail-in-voting-set-soar-canada-election-could-undermine-trudeau-new-democratic-2021-08-17/">Mail-in voting set to soar in Canada election, could undermine Trudeau, New Democratic Party</a>, Reuters (August 17, 2021).

</li>

<li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> Marie Woolf, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/elections-canada-votes-not-counted-1.6499013">Almost 100,000 mail ballots not counted in federal election: Elections Canada</a>, <a href="The_Canadian_Press" title="The Canadian Press">The Canadian Press</a> (June 23, 2022).

</li>

<li id="cite_note-EarlyIPVoting-31">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EarlyIPVoting_31-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EarlyIPVoting_31-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EarlyIPVoting_31-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EarlyIPVoting_31-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EarlyIPVoting_31-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EarlyIPVoting_31-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-EarlyIPVoting_31-6">g</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncsl.org/research/elections-and-campaigns/early-voting-in-state-elections.aspx">Early In-Person Voting</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210214173933/https://www.ncsl.org/research/elections-and-campaigns/early-voting-in-state-elections.aspx">Archived</a> February 14, 2021, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="National_Conference_of_State_Legislatures" title="National Conference of State Legislatures">National Conference of State Legislatures</a> (last updated September 6, 2024).

</li>

<li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncsl.org/elections-and-campaigns/table-18-states-with-all-mail-elections">"Table 18: States With Mostly-Mail Elections"</a>. National Conference of State Legislatures. January 28, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ctmirror.org/2022/11/09/ct-early-voting-in-person-ballot-question/">CT approves early voting ballot question, paving path to new law</a>, CT Mirror (November 9, 2022).

</li>

<li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncsl.org/elections-and-campaigns/table-1-states-with-no-excuse-absentee-voting">"Table 1: States with No-Excuse Absentee Voting"</a>. National Conference of State Legislatures. December 20, 2023. Retrieved September 6, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-NCSLVotingatHome-35"><a href="#cite_ref-NCSLVotingatHome_35-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncsl.org/research/elections-and-campaigns/absentee-and-early-voting.aspx">Voting Outside the Polling Place: Absentee, All-Mail and other Voting at Home Options</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131001190836/http://www.ncsl.org/legislatures-elections/elections/absentee-and-early-voting.aspx">Archived</a> October 1, 2013, at the <a href="Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="National_Conference_of_State_Legislatures" title="National Conference of State Legislatures">National Conference of State Legislatures</a> (last updated July 7, 2022).

</li>

<li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://electproject.github.io/Early-Vote-2020G/index.html">"2020 General Election Early Vote Statistics"</a>. electproject.github.io. Retrieved October 28, 2023.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFMcDonald" class="citation web cs1"><a href="Michael_P._McDonald" title="Michael P. McDonald">McDonald, Michael P.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160925203106/http://www.electproject.org/early_2016">"2016 November General Election Early Voting"</a>. United States Elections Project. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.electproject.org/early_2016">the original</a> on September 25, 2016. Retrieved October 26, 2020.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFMcDonald2017" class="citation news cs1">McDonald, Michael P. (December 6, 2017) [June 12, 2013]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffpost.com/entry/a-modest-early-voting-ris_b_3430379">"A Modest Early Voting Rise in 2012"</a>. Huffington Post. Retrieved October 26, 2020.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-gmu-evs-39">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gmu-evs_39-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-gmu-evs_39-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFMcDonald2010" class="citation web cs1">McDonald, Michael (May 1, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120730081609/http://elections.gmu.edu/Early_Voting_2008_Final.html">"(Nearly) Final 2008 Early Voting Statistics"</a>. Department of Public and International Affairs, <a href="George_Mason_University" title="George Mason University">George Mason University</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://elections.gmu.edu/Early_Voting_2008_Final.html">the original</a> on July 30, 2012. Retrieved October 30, 2012.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Pew-40"><a href="#cite_ref-Pew_40-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFDeSilverGeiger2016" class="citation web cs1">DeSilver, Drew; Geiger, A.W. (October 21, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/10/21/for-many-americans-election-day-is-already-here/">"For many Americans, Election Day is already here"</a>. Fact Tank. Pew Research Center. Retrieved October 26, 2020.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-ap2008sep21-41"><a href="#cite_ref-ap2008sep21_41-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFOhlemacherPace2008" class="citation news cs1">Ohlemacher, Stephen; Pace, Julie (September 21, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080925103100/http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5iXAkBilVhjbpsgAAHfgp6kGEShvwD93B66680">"A third of electorate could vote before Nov. 4"</a>. <a href="Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5iXAkBilVhjbpsgAAHfgp6kGEShvwD93B66680">the original</a> on September 25, 2008.</cite> Article copies: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/wireStory?id=5849955">ABC News</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20080921/ap_on_el_pr/early_voting">Yahoo News</a>.

</li>

<li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?mode=View%2520Statutes&SubMenu=1&App_mode=Display_Statute&Search_String=101.657&URL=CH0101/Sec657.HTM">"Statutes & Constitution:View Statutes: Online Sunshine"</a>. www.leg.state.fl.us. Retrieved March 29, 2016.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://elections.state.md.us/voting/early_voting.html">"Early Voting"</a>. Elections.state.md.us. Retrieved October 29, 2012.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sec.state.ma.us/ele/ele16/early-voting_16/ev16idx.htm">"2016 Early Voting Statistics"</a>. sec.state.ma.us. Retrieved November 6, 2018.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFRyan2019" class="citation news cs1">Ryan, Jill (January 25, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wshu.org/post/cuomo-signs-early-voting-bill-law">"Cuomo Signs Early Voting Bill Into Law"</a>. WSHU Public Radio. Retrieved October 26, 2020.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> ['I love early voting': NY voters sound off on first day of casting ballots in general election]

</li>

<li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cga.ct.gov/asp/cgabillstatus/cgabillstatus.asp?selBillType=Bill&which_year=2023&bill_num=5004&utm_source=Blumenthal&utm_campaign=829c6ef3a7-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2023_02_09_09_26_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_-bb948aa8d0-%5BLIST_EMAIL_ID%5D">"AN ACT IMPLEMENTING EARLY VOTING"</a>. Connecticut General Assembly. June 7, 2023. Retrieved September 17, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFScanlan2020" class="citation news cs1">Scanlan, Quinn (September 22, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/states-changed-rules-voting-amid-coronavirus-pandemic/story?id=72309089">"Here's how states have changed the rules around voting amid the coronavirus pandemic"</a>. ABC News. Retrieved October 26, 2020.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> Charles Stewart III,<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://electionlab.mit.edu/sites/default/files/2020-12/How-we-voted-in-2020-v01.pdf">How We Voted in 2020: A First Look at the Survey of the Performance of American Elections</a>, MIT Election Lab (December 15, 2020).

</li>

<li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFWines2021" class="citation web cs1">Wines, Michael (February 27, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/27/us/republican-voter-suppression.html">"In Statehouses, Stolen-Election Fact Fuels a G.O.P. Drive to Rewrite Rules"</a>. <a href="The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFMorin" class="citation web cs1">Morin, Rebecca. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/elections/2020/03/10/vote-early-day-effort-launches-get-more-people-young-voters-polls/5002061002/">"Vote Early Day effort launches to get more people, especially young voters, to the polls"</a>. USA TODAY. Retrieved November 2, 2023.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221001110402/https://www.mtv.com/news/o4q24a/vote-early-day-what-to-know">"Voting Early Is Easier Than Ever — So We're Making It A Holiday"</a>. MTV. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mtv.com/news/o4q24a/vote-early-day-what-to-know">the original</a> on October 1, 2022. Retrieved November 2, 2023.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hyperakt.com/work/vote-early-day">"Vote Early Day"</a>. Hyperakt. Retrieved November 2, 2023.</cite>

</li>

</ol></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://core.ac.uk/search?q=%22early%2Bvoting%22">"Early+voting"</a>, <a href="Core.ac.uk" class="mw-redirect" title="Core.ac.uk">Core.ac.uk</a>, <q><a href="Open_access" title="Open access">Open access</a> research papers</q></cite> <a href="Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"></a></li></ul></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-21" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Early_voting&oldid=1301684836">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

</div>

</div></div>

</div>

</main>

</div>

</body></html>